Strain Theory and Postpartum Psychosis

Strain Theory and Postpartum Psychosis Free Online Research Papers Strain hypothesis depends on the idea anomie. Anomie initially characterized by Emile Durkhiem (1858-1917) and implies the condition of normlessness. The essential ideas recommend that when normal practices become muddled an expansion in degenerate conduct will happen as a response to the passing of a social attachment. It is accepted that once achievement is lost whether by decision or because of some other activity, extreme issues can happen. (Cullen 2006) On the morning of June 20, 2001, Andrea Yates, 36 years of age, deliberately suffocated her five youngsters, individually, in her upstairs bath (Feldman, 2001). Conceived on July 2, 1964, the most youthful of five, Andrea grew up, apparently, in a typical, church-going family (Feldman, 2001). While going to secondary school, she was commander of the swimming club and graduated valedictorian of her group (Feldman, 2001). Subsequent to graduating secondary school, Andrea went to the University of Texas School of Nursing at Houston and turned into an enrolled nurture (Feldman, 2001). She working on nursing from 1986 to 1994 at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center (Bernstein, 2001). In April of 1993, Andrea wedded her beau of four years, Russell Yates, a NASA PC engineer (Bernstein, 2001). Ten months after their wedding, Andrea brought forth their first kid, Noah, left the nursing calling, and turned into a full time mother (Bernstein, 2001). Companions report that Russell Yates demanded that his better half remain at home subsequent to bringing forth their first youngster (Bernstein, 2001). Clearly, Andrea didn't whine and consented to leave her place of employment and surrender her profession, to remain at home with her child (Feldman 2001). Her mom expresses that she upheld her daughter’s choice to remain at home, particularly since her girl and child in-law wanted to have the same number of youngsters as God would permit (Feldman 2001). Inside 4 years, Andrea had two additional kids, John and Paul. By all reports, Andrea, Russell, and the three young men were an upbeat, sound family (Teachey 2001). Companions express that they saw no indications of despondency in Andrea during this period, and portrayed Andrea as â€Å"a model of mental dependability and tolerance as she raised her children† (Bernstein, 2001, p. 5). It was not until the introduction of her fourth kid, Luke in 1999, that Andrea started to show side effects of sorrow. It was not long after Luke’s birth that Andrea previously endeavored self destruction. A couple of months after the fact, after the demise of her dad and her second fruitless self destruction endeavor, she was hospitalized (Feldman 2001). Her mom portrays her as being overextended and being not able to deal with the activity of raising her family (Feldman, 2001). During her hospitalization, her primary care physician, Dr. Eileen Starbranch, analyzed her as â€Å"having significant sorrow with serious, repetitive maniacal features† (Teachey, 2001b, p. 4). Dr. Starbranch further advised that Andrea’s condition could â€Å"spiral downward†¦[and] unquestionably ensure future insane depression† (Teachey, 2001b, p. 4) if she somehow happened to have more kids. Andrea revealed to her therapist that she had been having destructive contemplati ons since the introduction of her first kid and that her self destruction endeavor was to â€Å"prevent herself hurting others† (Teachey, 2001b, p. 3). Nonetheless, her mom expressed that in spite of the fact that she was not back to ordinary, the clinic remain and the counter maniacal drug improved Andrea’s state of mind (Feldman, 2001). Less then 2 years after the fact, Andrea by and by conceived an offspring, this opportunity to a young lady, Mary (Teachey, 2001b). After four months, in April of this current year, Andrea was again admitted to a psychological clinic for melancholy, and afterward again in May. Her better half recognized that she had become â€Å"paranoid, pulled back, and sincerely numb† (Teachey, 2001, p. 4). Following a 10-day medical clinic remain in May, Andrea was proclaimed not to be self-destructive and was discharged (Teachey, 2001a). Proceeding with an outpatient program until May 22, Andrea seemed to have improved with the assistance of the counter crazy medication Haldol and upper medications (Teachey, 2001a; Colb, 2001). In any case, her significant other attests that she had started to disintegrate again directly before the killings, after she had been removed the counter insane medications (Teachey, 2001a). Her family announced that they were stressed she may hurt herself however never thought about that she would hurt the youngsters (Feldman, 2001). Following quite a while of considering killing her kids, on June nineteenth, Andrea Yates concluded the time had come (Teachey, 2001b). The following morning, June 20, 2001, about an hour after her better half left for work, Andrea Yates started to savagely suffocate her youngsters (Glenn, Rendon, Bernstein, 2001). The police report affirms that Noah strolled in on his mom killing his child sister, that she moved in the direction of her most established child, and told him to â€Å"get in† the tub (Colb, 2001). Purportedly, Noah started to run; Andrea pursued him down, battled with her child, lastly, overwhelmed him and suffocated him, as she had finished with his four more youthful kin (Colb, 2001). The police were called to the Yates’ home by Andrea Yates (Glenn et al., 2001). The guest just requested that the police go to her home however didn't give the police a points of interest with regards to why (Glenn et al., 2001). After the main call to the police, she called her better half grinding away and expressed just that he had â€Å"better come home† (Glenn et al., 2001, p. 4). Depicted by police as wet and froze, Andrea made the way for the police, in a torn shirt, and expressed, â€Å"I executed my kids† (Glenn et al., 2001, p. 1). Andrea drove the police to an upstairs room where they discovered John, 5, Paul, 3, Luke, 2, and Mary, a half year, on a bed secured with a sheet. The oldest, Noah, 7, was found despite everything coasting, inert in the bath (Texas Woman†¦, 2001). Accused of five tallies of capital homicide, Andrea Yates was discovered able to stand trail, and keeping in mind that sitting and pausing, under self destruction viewed in the mental unit at the Harris County Jail, for her preliminary (Teachey, 2001b). Specialists had put her on hostile to crazy medications, and she supposedly came out of the insensible state she was in when she originally showed up. As per the defense’s therapist, Steven Rubenzer, Andrea accepted she had â€Å"somehow harmed her youngsters irreparably† (Colb, 2001, p. 2), and that she â€Å"wasn’t a decent mother [and had] dismissed them† (Teachey, 2001b). Dr. Rubenzer determined Andrea to have Postpartum Psychosis (Williams, 2001). A Houston jury of six men and six ladies saw Andrea Yates not as liable of homicide by reason of madness in the wake of thinking over 12 hours over a three-day time span. Yates was being investigated for the suffocating passings of just three of her kids Mary , a half year; John, 5; and Noah, 7 at not for the passings of Luke, 2 and Paul, 3. This was her second preliminary for homicide after her first homicide conviction was toppled on request. (http://crime.about.com/b/2006/07/26/andrea-yates-not-liable by-reason-of-insanity.htm) What makes a mother slaughter her youngsters? There are a few terms to depict these loathsome demonstrations: neonaticide, the killing of a youngster inside the initial 24 hours of life; child murder, the killing of a kid inside the initial a year of life, filicide; the killing of a kid more than 1 year-old by the child’s parent, likewise a general term utilized for killing one’s own kid; and familial filicide, the mass homicide of kids by a blood relative (Sadoff-Rober, 1995; Guileyardo, Prahlow, Barnard, 1999). Notwithstanding phrasing, filicide has been recorded in each culture from the beginning of time. During antiquated human advancements, youngsters with birth surrenders were murdered because of the conviction they were an awful sign. A few societies have approved the murdering of kids who were wiped out or feeble in light of the fact that they were a channel on assets and funds. It is very much reported that in Chinese and Japanese societies guardians have routinely slaughtered female youngsters because of the idea that having a female is despicable (Pitt Bale, 1995). In present day western societies, because of the idea, that killing one’s own kid is a terrible demonstration, the killing of one’s youngsters has been the focal point of much exploration. The investigation of filicide has delivered numerous characterization frameworks to help recognize, arrange, and comprehend youngster murder (Pitt et al., 1995; McKee Shea, 1998). Resnick recommended that to have a comprehension of the ladies who perpetrate these kinds of wrongdoings; one should initially separate between the guilty parties who submit neonaticide and the individuals who submit filicide, a youngster more than 1 day-old (Pitt et al., 1995). Moms that submit neonaticide will in general be more youthful (late teenagers to mid twenties), unmarried, juvenile, explicitly compliant, and, despite the fact that they once in a while look for fetus removal, they make no arrangements for the birth and care of their youngster (Pitt et al., 1995). Dread and blame are hypothesized to be the essential purposes behind the killings (Pitt et al., 1995). The ladies who submit filicide are very unique. They are more seasoned (late twenties or more seasoned) and frequently wedded (Pitt, 1995). Mentally they will in general be increasingly discouraged, maniacal, have high self destruction ideations, and have a higher self destruction endeavor rate contrasted with neo nacidal moms (Pitt et al., 1995). In 1969, Resnick contemplated 88 instances of maternal filicide and grouped them into 5 classes as indicated by evident thought process; selfless filicide, intensely insane filicide, undesirable kid filicide, unintentional filicide, and life partner vengeance filicide (Pitt et al., 1995; Haapasalo et al., 1999). Resnick found most of moms murdered for unselfish reasons, which means they wanted to slaughter their kid to spare them from a genuine or envisioned inevitable fate (Pitt et al., 1995; Haapasalo et al., 1999). Scott built up a comparable order framework in 1973, which recorded 5 categorie

Application for a doctorate program in special education Personal Statement

Application for a doctorate program in a specialized curriculum - Personal Statement Example One thing that gets extraordinary happiness somebody’s life is getting the chance to seek after one’s way that later empowers him/her to see their desires become a reality. All the more explicitly, achieving one’s scholastic targets and at last having the option to use the picked up information towards positive commitment in one’s region of strength is incredible achievement. This is a key main impetus in persons’ lives, including mine. I am mentioning for an opportunity to take an interest in a doctorate program in Special Education, not on the grounds that I have a longing for an ace program graduate title, but since I have an enthusiasm of diving into this field along these lines achieving my vocation targets †to instruct, become a chairman in the instructive field and in the end show custom curriculum experts at the college level. I likewise try to ensure superior in my general vicinity of specialization to the best of my advantage and that of the general population by utilizing my aptitudes coordinated by trustworthiness and responsibility for dynamic capability. My instructive foundation has incredibly given me presentation to priceless basic information, which will give me extraordinary sponsorship once I enlist for this program. I have a Masters of Arts in Special Education w/a fixation in Autism with a general GPA of 3.52, which is perchance the most impressive feature of my application.

AOI health care Essays

AOI medicinal services Essays AOI medicinal services Paper AOI medicinal services Paper Expecting to lead Oregon to thriving, this non-benefit affiliation is the greatest and generally conspicuous in the state. It helps its individuals by offering cash sparing advantages and limits in their organizations. Thusly, their personal satisfaction might be elevated with the assistance of the association’s five prepared proficient lobbyists (Associated Oregon Industries, 2009). All things considered, the Associated Oregon Industries puts its individuals at the highest point of the needs list. It plans to address noteworthy business concerns, for example, monetary strategies by advancing a reasonable economy, growing the private division and making occupations. Since its representatives have a fundamental part in the affiliation, AOI needs social insurance administrations to be effectively available to them by helping them in acquiring and paying for such. Up until this point, AOI seems like your run of the mill organization. In any case, after finding out about a severe program it implements, I understood that it is definitely not. Once known as the Workdrugfree Oregon Program of Oregon Nurses Foundation, the Oregon Employer Drug Free Initiative is a program of the AOI trying to make a medication free work environment for its representatives at a statewide degree. It was embraced in July 2008 (the adjustment in name to OEDI was in January 2009) and remains the main activity of its sort in the state. AOI has recognized the numerous advantages of making a medication free work environment. Hence, the affiliation needs its representatives to know about these advantages also by advancing these, making and actualizing strategies that move in the direction of such a situation and helping the workers in tailing them (â€Å"What is OEDI? † 2009). The OEDI originally went to the consideration of numerous during a Leadership Summit in January 2006, where it was coordinated into the Oregon Business Plan. It was set up in light of an overview demonstrating that 7% of Oregon bosses were worried about substance misuse. Be that as it may, just 12% had arrangements against this set up. In spite of the fact that the facts demonstrate that to utilize a medication free arrangement might be exorbitant, to be without one ends up being costlier and also additional tedious. There is an improved probability of having hands on wounds and more non-attendance. There might be a lower feeling of certainty for workers prompting an in like manner bringing down of profitability. Since candidates will realize that the organization doesn't have a medication free approach for representatives, more medication clients will apply for the organization, as opposed to in others with such arrangements that won't acknowledge them. From a similar overview utilized for a little while prior, it was discovered that 77 percent of illicit medication clients and 80 percent of overwhelming liquor clients are utilized. All the more critically, 20 percent of candidates come up short pre-business medicate tests, coming to even 60 to 80 percent for littler bosses. These measurements without a doubt present enormous expenses for organizations with against tranquilize misuse approaches as far as the diminished extent of individuals they can utilize (Wheeler, 2007). Notwithstanding, citing from what Sid Smith, President of Forest Grove Lumber Co. , McMinnville, said â€Å"If you dont have an adequate obstacle, medicate clients will possess your organization. Our medication free approach upgraded our work environment efficiency, which had a constructive outcome on our year-end gainfulness. † (â€Å"Success Stories,† 2007) The said costs appear to be justified, despite all the trouble as AOI had the option to make a more secure condition for its laborers, helping them have a superior working encounter. The affiliation had the option to procure the high respect of the network, and this positive notoriety thusly permits the relationship to take a few to get back some composure of more excellent candidates. Representatives are progressively certain, expanding efficiency and consumer loyalty too. At long last, monetarily, costs for medicinal services are brought down along with paces of turnover and non-attendance. OEDI will take on specific techniques to guarantee the previously mentioned benefits. Instructive crusades to battle against substance misuse will be done so as to activate taking an interest personalities. Oregon’s workforce will be made liberated from sedate maltreatment. The program likewise intends to tap legislators’ mindfulness about the impacts of substance maltreatment on the security and productivity of a workplace, and to advance and get ready understudies about these. In addition, these instructive crusades will prepare chiefs to distinguish and oversee substance maltreatment in the working environment. Gjesvold (2007) perceives the weight on chiefs and supervisor’s shoulders with regards to dealing with their workers who have been discovered to be abusers, and as in OEDI, he proposes four stages to be taken in doing as such. The initial step is perception. As per Phoenix House (2008), these signs incorporate delayed or unexplained unlucky deficiencies, expanded mishaps on and off the activity. Abusers additionally appear to have a negligence for individual cleanliness and an overcompensation to analysis, regardless of whether the analysis is just envisioned. Work designs are conflicting prompting lower profitability and effectiveness. Physical signs, for example, ragged looking eyes, diligent hack, expanded understudies, slurred discourse or flimsy walk may likewise be watched. Cocaine abusers can be hyperactive, neurotic, capricious and incredibly surly. Next is readiness, which incorporates foreseeing potential responses of the worker, planning for obstruction or perhaps talking about the issue with a kindred boss. Third is maybe the most critical part, activity, which includes the conference of the worker and communicating of worries from the two sides and the potential outcomes if nothing is finished. At last comes finish, where enhancements are observed or results are given when there are no upgrades. I for one accept that these strategies being actualized by AOI are ones that ought to be copied by different organizations that try to give their laborers better working experience and that focus on better efficiency. As said in an article by Wheeler (2007), We have to remember this isn't only a business issue; it is a network issue. Medication and liquor maltreatment in the work environment impacts our neighborhood economy, the capacity of our organizations to get and keep great representatives, the nature of administration we get and the expense of administrations we buy. On the off chance that we as a whole help the idea of a medication free working environment and bolster the organizations who execute tranquilize free working environment arrangements, we will all profit by the result. List of sources Associated Oregon Industries. 2009. About us. Recovered May 30, 2009 from aoi. organization/association/record. cfm. Gjesvold, J. 2007. Problematic Behavior: Tough Challenge for Employers. Albany Area Chamber Network, 39 (2). 4. Phoenix House. 2008. Fundamental realities: Drugs, liquor the working environment. Recovered May 30, 2009 from phoenixhouse. organization/National/DrugFacts/drugfacts_workplace. html. Examples of overcoming adversity. 2007. Recovered May 30, 2009 from oregonemployerdrugfree. organization/achievement. html. What is OEDI. 2009. Oregon Employer sans drug Initiative eNewsletter. Recovered May 30, 2009 from visitbaker. com/OEDI. pdf. Wheeler, C. 2007. Working sans drug. Yamhill Valley Viewpoints in News Register . Recovered May 30, 2009 from oregonemployerdrugfree. organization/pdfs/opEdCeliaWheeler31007. pdf.

Glaser Health Products Essay

Glaser Health Products of Ranier Falls, Georgia needs help with assessing and grouping costs so as to actualize an action based costing framework. As expressed for the situation, these costs will be utilized for arranging and control choices instead of stock valuation. The movement based costing framework will give better assignment of Glaser’s overhead expenses as opposed to a framework to take a gander at the cost drivers or the exercises that their overhead expenses involve. Glaser’s general structure of an action based costing model should comprise of cost objects, exercises, utilization of assets, and cost. Action based costing changes â€Å"the rules of the game† since it changes a portion of the key estimates that manager’s use for their dynamic and for assessing individuals’ execution (Accounting4management.com). With the end goal for Glaser to execute an effective action based costing framework the executives must investigate their overhead expenses and legitimize whether they have enough overhead to be agonizing over. While we don't know Glaser’s fiscal estimation of their overhead costs, it appears that they have a few divisions with a lot of cost classes the board must consider. The three fundamental divisions of Glaser Health Products are Operations, Sales, and Administrative. Under every division are costs classes that have been split to enable administration to figure out where they have a place. (Addendum A distinguishes every one of the expenses with the fitting division). Next, the board must distinguish the huge overhead expense so as to decide if they need to assign a few or a lot of overhead utilizing the movement based costing framework. I recommend that Glaser makes an action based costing framework that dispenses, with an insignificant measure of exertion, a huge segment of their overhead. For example, the executives is right in distinguishing every one of the costs utilizing four distinct exercises. These incorporate unit-level exercises, clump level exercises, item level exercises, and office level exercises. This is an extraordinary framework in light of the fact that the less exercises Glaser can use to do this, the simpler the bookkeeping wi ll be for the board. These four exercises will allow Glaser to reasonably and precisely assign overhead to product offerings. (Reference section B outlines every one of the expenses under one of the four exercises and furthermore groups the four exercises under one of the three divisions). After Glaser the executives has recognized the bunch of the exercises that interface overhead costs to items, they should utilize the suitable measure (the cost driver) to attach the overhead costs to the product offerings or administration lines. To accomplish this administration must determine a suitable cost driver for following expenses related with the different degrees of exercises to the following cost target or items. The cost drivers can incorporate various things, for example, direct work hours, number of groups, or number of representatives. (Reference section C shows the proper cost driver with the different degrees of exercises). Under the Activity-based costing framework, Glaser will utilize fundamental stage cost drivers to interface expenses of assets devoured in one action place to other movement communities. A few costs, for example, bunch level action place costs are at first relegated to an essential stage action focus and just need a solitary task process, and are detectable to explicit items however frequently utilize a cost driver. Item level action place expenses might be identified with a particular item or assembled by exercises before being allocated to items at the essential stage. Office level action community expenses may experience numerous fundamental stages before being doled out to items (Schneider, 2012). It is important to utilize a primer stage cost driver since this framework allocates costs from exercises to different exercises. Then again, essential stage cost drivers is utilized to dole out expenses from exercises to the cost targets. This procedure wipes out twists in cost assignments to items that outcome from creation unpredictability (Schneider, 2012). All things considered plunking down and spreading out a movement based costing framework for a genuine organization is considerably more troublesome than a common course book ABC issue. Figuring out what makes an expense happen is considerably more troublesome than it initially may appear (Krupnicki and Tyson, 1997). By and large, I believe that management’s choice to execute a movement based costing framework is going to work in support of them. The choice to execute ABC is regularly determined by the need to improve client productivity investigation, to acquire exact cost data for evaluating or to get ready important spending plans (Cohen, Venieris, and Kaimenaki, 2005). For this situation, Glaser needs to recognize costs utilized for arranging and controlâ decisions as opposed to for stock valuation. Glaser is probably going to see numerous advantages from actualizing a movement based costing framework, for example, better gainfulness measures, better dynamic, process improvement, cost estimation, and cost of unused limit. The action based costing framework will give better distribution of Glaser’s overhead expenses instead of a framework to take a gander at the cost drivers or the exercises that their overhead expenses contain. References http://www.accounting4management.com/implementing_activity_based_costing.htm Schneider, A. (Ed.). (2012). Administrative Accounting: Decision Making for the Service And Manufacturing Sectors. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education. Krupnicki, M., and Tyson, T. (1997). Utilizing ABC to Determine the Cost of Servicing Customers. The board Accounting, 79(6), 40-46. Recovered from http://search.proquest.com/docview/229739140?accountid=32521 Cohen, S., Venieris, G., and Kaimenaki, E. (2005). ABC: Adopters, Supporters, and Deniers And Unawares. Administrative Auditing Journal, 20(8), 981-1000. Recovered from http://search.proquest.com/docview/27453714?accountid=32521

rap kills the brain essays

rap murders the cerebrum expositions Exciting MUSIC AND RAP MUSIC IS SUPPOSED TO DESTROY THE MIND A thought accepted by numerous individuals is that music significantly affects the manner in which individuals think. Proficient clinicians state that the verses utilized in music today has a conditioning impact. This conditioning impact should cause the audience to turn out to be so overpowered with the verses of the melody, that the individual feels that they need to follow up on what was heard. Follow up on what they heard methods, that they do what the music instructs them to do. Regardless of whether whatever they do is acknowledged or not, the music didn't make this happen. At the point when we find out about this impact music has, we promptly consider negative impacts. It is entirely expected to accept that the sort of music that gives inadmissible substance is rap (hip-jump) music, or awesome (head-banger) music. The explanation individuals have this assumption is rap and jammin both have a notorieties of having or utilizing wrong verses. With the two sorts of music you will in general hear foulness, specialists who corrupt ladies, and discussion contrarily about others. At the point when individuals tune in to either kind of music over some stretch of time, they should have the inclination that they have to do what these wrong verses state or do. Saying music has the ability to control people is fairly extraordinary. That resembles saying that we people have no obligation regarding our activities. It is justifiable that a few people are foul, and, they do foul things. Utilizing rap music and exciting music as a substitute isn't right. At the point when we do tune in to either rap or exciting music, we hear verses that are undesirable to hear, for certain individuals. Generally the craftsmen are talking about things that transpired or about things that they are legitimately engaged with. As a general rule, they are doing whatever it takes not to promoter such activity. They are attempting to stop what they are talking about or make it known to audience members, to what is really happening where they live or where they ... <!

Successful Addiction Treatment Should Include Family Therapy

Successful Addiction Treatment Should Include Family Therapy Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Print Addiction Treatment Should Include Family Therapy SAMHSA Releases Practical Guidelines for Counselors By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on June 24, 2019 Bruce Ayres / Getty Images More in Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Overcoming Addiction Personal Stories Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Treatment programs aimed at those who have alcohol and drug addiction problems can have better outcomes if the abusers family or close associates are also involved in the process. In fact, if the family does not become involved in learning about substance abuse and the role it can play in the dynamics of the family, it might actually hinder the alcoholic or addicts recovery if family members continue their dysfunctional or enabling behaviors. Therefore treatment experts recommend that substance abuse counselors incorporate family therapy techniques into their treatment protocol. To this end, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration has published a manual, Substance Abuse Treatment and Family Therapy, which is a guide for substance abuse counselors as well as for family therapists. The guide provides the family therapist with basic information about substance abuse treatment models and the role of 12-step, self-help programs in the treatment of substance abusers and their families. The guide includes discussion of treatment models that integrate substance abuse treatment and family therapy. These models can serve as a guide for joint treatment of the addicted person and his or her family and others with close emotional connections. Family Therapy Can Help Family therapy in substance abuse treatment can help by using the familys strengths and resources to find ways for the person who abuses alcohol or drugs to live without substances of abuse and to ameliorate the impact of chemical dependency on both the patient and the family, according to SAMHSA. Family therapy can help families become aware of their own needs and aid in the goal of keeping substance abuse from moving from one generation to another. The SAMSHA guide warns substance abuse counselors that they must always be aware that family counseling techniques should not be used where a batterer is endangering a client or a child. The first priority is safeguarding all parties. The guide also warns that family therapy for women with substance use disorders is not appropriate for cases of ongoing partner abuse. Also, women who have lost custody of their children may be strongly motivated to overcome their substance abuse since often they are working to get their children back. Substance Abuse Impacts Families SAMHSAs Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) #39 identifies the following family structures and how substance abuse may impact these families: A client who lives alone or with a partner â€" In this situation both partners need help. If one is chemically dependent and the other is not, issues of codependence arise.Clients who live with a spouse or partner and minor children â€" Most available data indicate that a parents drinking problem often has a detrimental effect on children. The spouse of the person abusing substances is likely to protect the children and assume the parenting duties of the parent abusing substances. The effect on children is worse if both parents abuse alcohol or drugs.A client who is part of a blended family â€" Stepfamilies present special challenges and substance abuse can become an impediment to a step familys integration and stability.An older client with grown children â€" Additional family resources may be needed to treat the older adults substance use disorder. There may be issues of elder maltreatment that must be reported to local authorities.An adolescent substance abuser living with his or her family of origin â€" Siblings in the family may find their needs and concerns ignored while their parents react to the continuous crises involving the adolescent who abuses alcohol or drugs. If there is a parent who also abuses substances, this can set in motion a combination of physical and emotional problems that can be very dangerous. Sometimes Substance Abuse Is Overlooked The SAMHSA guide also points out that often family therapists do not screen for substance abuse because therapists are not familiar with the questions to ask or the cues provided by their clients. It also emphasizes that substance abuse counselors should not practice family therapy without proper training and licensing, but they should learn enough to determine when a referral is indicated.

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Using Non Verbal Communication Court - 2200 Words

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Using Non Verbal Communication In Court Settings (Essay Sample) Content: NameProfessorCourseDateNon-verbal communication: body languageMethods and analysisThe previous chapters of this research explained in a wider perspective the nature of the research problem including a detailed introduction on the non-verbal communication that is experienced within the various level or forms of communications between people in a specific setting. The introduction narrowed down on the specific verbal cues that this research is mainly interested with and it included, sweating, shivering and eye contact. Most specifically, this research utilizes this non-verbal cues in order to exponentially, test the various outcomes that are majorly incorporated in their research problem which is the specific use of such verbal cues in the courtroom (Neuman 3). The research also proceeded to highlight on literature reviews on the topic matter. Most of the reviews provided an open ground for the research to be carried out. This section will however detail the methods of approach that was utilized and therefore go ahead to give an analysis on the findings from the research.The methodology section refers to the overview of how the research was conducted and the specifics of how the research techniques provided a guiding way to defining the problem. Due to the demanding nature of the topic, the best research area that the research was done was on the courtroom. This is because, in order to actually understand and experience the real action of the verbal cues. The best place was where the action was in play (Chakravarty 45). Courtrooms are where suspected culprits are put on trial where attorneys interrogate them and finally a judgment is bestowed upon them basing on the evidence and the ability to defend themselves. This is the best place to watch the verbal cues in place. According to Conley and Lind in their article The Power of Language: Presentational Style in the Courtroom. They discuss the importance of the behavior of witnesses and lawyers whil e in the courtroom, they incorporate what they call presentation style, which is the combination of verbal and non-verbal communication. In their research, they find that a sense of fluidity is important to being perceived positively by members of the jury. In this sense, the courtrooms were the destined place to carry out the research.Design of the researchThe design in which the research was undertaken involved a qualitative approach, this is because the variables that were studied were not countable or for that fact were not in figures. The main variables were on the non-verbal cues and therefore it was essential that a qualitative approach will be automatically used. In considering the qualitative approach design, observation is deemed the best form of acquiring information. Observation involved that the subjects in play were just been seen and the reaction or observations were made (Neuman 7). The research also involved the use of secondary sources of information as another for m of gaining insights of the problem. Therefore the resources from books and articles such as Nonverbal Communication from the Other Side: Speaking Body Language by John Barkai were frequently referred to.Delineation of the studyIn regard to the research problem, the court setting was strictly observed. This involved the careful consideration of three major actors in the courtroom, that is, the presiding judge, the accused and the attorneys (from both prosecution and the defendant sides). The study was aiming to establish the various behavior between the concerned parties and more specifically their nonverbal behavior that relates to the movement of the body, sweating, anxiety among other non-verbal cues that are associated with the behavior of the individual. A separate form representing the three parties were designed, these forms were each incorporated with the various non- verbal cues that could be associated with the action of the individual either to indicate which indicates w hen a person lies or when he or she is actually saying the truth. The main concern point was on the suspect side because the research believes that when and individual is confronted with allegations, he or she may decide to lie in order to abate the act (Kassin 42). Therefore, critical attention was paid to the suspect to check whether he or she would lie.Sample of the populationBecause of the limited time and resources, the research could not have been carried out to in the entire legal systems in the region. I decided to take a sample of the courts just to represent the whole. There were considerations however which I took into place, for instance the location of the courts, I had to take a sample of courts which were just within the proximity of the school. Courts around the school implied that there was no much spending on resources such as time and money. The other consideration was on the magnitude of cases, through secondary sources, I found out that most court sittings are t o do with legal matters, that is, most times courts hear and determine cases that are to do with the interpretation of the law, this sittings were not sufficient to warrant the findings that I was looking for. The best suitable cases for the study were the ones related to serious crimes allegedly committed by the accused (Porter 120). Such cases include murder, robbery and theft. These at least could shake the nerves of the accused to behave in a certain manner, mostly non-verbal behaviors. The cases were identified by visiting the courts premises and viewing scheduled dates of the cases as pinned on the notice boards.Sample techniquesI carried a research on 10 of the surrounding courts, of which they were within my reach and of course those that were determining on heavy cases with counts that were affecting an individuals. The courts were both from the local courts to the courts of appeal and the supreme court.Data collectionAs said earlier, observation was the method for collecti ng data, the information gathered was noted down in a form. The form contained all the addressed concerns mostly emanating from the research questions. Which were:1. Can the body language of defendants during court procedures, which are sometimes deliberate, unfairly sway the jurys decision during sentencing?2. Within the understanding that nonverbal cues are misinterpreted and individuals can deliberately infer different nonverbal cues about their emotions, should juries be briefed on body language and facial expressions prior to court procedures in order to remain impartial? Is there a possibility for this to alter sentences, despite stereotypical factors like race, sex, gender and ethnicity of the individual.Data analysisAfter collecting the data from the 10 courts, the next step was to analyze the data. Since this was a qualitative form of research, the results were subjected to analysis techniques to determine the behavioral relationship between the different cases and subjects (suspected criminals) it was also scrutinized to ascertain on the other various theories that relate non-verbal cues to represent a sense of truth in the accused.FindingsThe research was aiming to establish the use of nonverbal communication in the courts to determine the outcome and eventually aid the judge in making a ruling. In the past however, such incidences of reading nonverbal cues by the judge has led to dangerous implications in the sense that some cases have been rule otherwise. This according to Stephen and Learne is caused by lack of informed insights regarding the proper way of making judgment basing on the external behavior of an accused. Either they claim that the several judgments, which have been made basing on the use of non-verbal cues by the judge, have been appalled or appealed because the accused turned convict is firmly certain that they are wrongly detained (Porter 60). The use of non-verbal behavior to make judgment if not always need a critical analysis a nd an in depth approach, for instance, when someone is being put on trial and he or she appears to be sweating and at the same time denying the accusation. The rule of thumb always is that the accused is lying, it is though sometimes true. However, some accused people when facing trial tend to be nervous and afraid, this could also purport that the accused is lying. When judgment is imposed to convict the person? This will in turn be termed as dangerous or wrongful judgment.This research was aiming to resolve this issue by first identifying such factors and the overall behavior of the individual before being put to trial. In the second research question, the parameters that deal with the sex, gender and ethnicity were put to test by observing the cases of individuals who portrayed these characteristics (Kassin 44). This is due to the fact that tension level have been largely attributed to these parameters and therefore issues such as anxiety leading to sweating for an innocent accus ed can be factored in not to mean that the individual is lying. The result showed that high prevalence of cases of sweating is caused by the individuals mind agility to the outcome of the case (Knapp 15). In one particular case in which a native black American was falsely accused in a robbery incident that lead to the death of the shop attendant, the accused seemed profusely sweating throughout the trial. Before the final judgment was given, the prosecution got a hold of a surveillance camera that showed that the accused only got up in the robbery because he was within the shopping Centre. The reason that his non-verbal behavior seemed to indicate otherwise was because of what he had anticipated will likely happen to him and also considering his racial, background.The other finding from the research showed that the relationship between, parties, especially the accused and witness...